Team and Small Group Experience

There have a few experiences that I have had, where I have been a member of both a team and a group. There are many similarities as well as differences among a team and a group. One of the biggest and most common similarity is that both of them want to be able to reach a particular goal. The team that I am currently a member of is a women’s basketball team. I am also part of a small group. I met a few local girls through Facebook that have been wanting to loose weight just like me. My team was started up by some friends that wanted to form a league to play for the city. They put some ads on Craigslist and Facebook to see if anyone wanted to try out for the team. After doing the try outs and deciding who was actually going to be on the team, we got together twice per week for a period of one month for practice basketball games. Currently, we are in the â€Å"tournament period† and we play every Tuesday at 7:00 pm with other teams that are also playing with the city. We have three games left before we know how we placed and if we go to finals. After every game we get together for a few minutes and discuss how we did and what we can do to do things better and to strategize. Communication among the team has really made us improved the way that we play and make us better in every game. The group I belong is made up of six girls including myself. We all chat online and make plans, we state our goals and what we want to achieve with them. Each week one of us will make an exercising plan for the entire week and then at the end of the week we meet up somewhere to talk about how we did with our exercise plan. It is not all about work, we also get together to have some fun, like go to the movies, eat dinner or take out our kids to the park. Most of us have lost at least 10 lbs since we started our little group. We just support each other when we are lacking motivation. There are some differences that I noticed between the team and the group. For example, we had to try out for the basketball team. Then we were chosen and assigned to a position by the organizers of the team. We have all been working together to make our team better and become a good and strong team. The group that I am currently was actually made up by a group of friends that just wanted to have a support system to lose weight. We have made sure to always have something going on to help us stay fit or keep helping us lose weight. The team used practice basketball games twice a week and a little get together that we had at the beginning of the season to motivate us and help us to get to know each other. This helped us feel more relaxed at the actual games and to know how each team player was used to playing in the court. The coach and the assistant coach wanted to do these two things to ensure that there was a healthy relationship among the players because in the past not knowing each other had cause much tension in the games, causing many looses. Getting the basketball team together virtually would have not been a good idea. Practices needed to get done and there was no possible way that it could have been done over a computer, The best method of communication for the basketball team was in person, by phone or by text messaging. This methods were used to communicate with each and to be updated on times and location for basketball practices or actual games. My group of fitness pals, is able to interact virtually. We were able to chat via skype, email and use sites such as Facebook to stay in touch with each other. We were also able to interact with each other virtually to make actual plans to meet with each other on a weekly basis in person. Whenever the teams or groups meet exclusive using virtual communications, there is no physical contact, for that reason, the relationship would be more impersonal rather than personal. This is not the case with either the team that I am involved with or the group that I am involved in, since in both cases we do see each other face to face. The team and the group work well the way that they have been communicating and meeting, exclusive virtual communication would not be an option for either of them. Each player on the times played on assigned position, depending on the tryouts and what the coaches thought they would be best at. In the group, every week, a different person would take leadership and make a fitness plan for all of us, she would also plan a day during the week where we could all meet, talk or just hang out in person. It worked out better that way because that way we would not run in to reoccurring exercises or activities. Everyone in the basketball team did the same thing. We all showed up for our practice games and we would also show up 30 minutes before an actual game, just to make sure that we had a complete team. We got sponsored by my husband’s place of employment, so with the sponsorship they also gave us red uniforms for all the girls. Every week our coach assigned one of the team members to bring bottled water for all of the team players. Most of the time all of the players play fairly but in some instances things would get out of hand and the team member would either get benched or even suspended for a game. For the fitness group, there were not many rules. The only thing is that everyone had to participate in some way. Everyone had to take initiative at least once every two months two make plans and set goals on how to lose weight. That same person also had to plan something fun for us to do so that we could meet in person. Status and differences for the team was each individual team player, they had different positions and they each were in charge of covering it on the games. The coach and the assistant coach decided who would start in each position after they held the tryouts and saw us play. In rare occasions the players were change from positions, but mostly we always held our own position. In our fitness group, every week we had someone doing all the planning for our fitness goals and weight loss progress. A certain person would plan and then all of us would follow the plan and at the end of the week meet somewhere and discuss our progress. So basically the only thing that would change is that every week we had a different leader and different fitness plans and weight loss goals. According to the Maslow theory, the team’s belongingness depended on the power of the team players in that position that they were given by the coach and assistant coach to play in. Good self esteem was built because the team players feel that they are doing a good job with their position and in their own way feel that they are helping the team win the games. Safety in the basketball team was very important. All of team players needed to feel protected by one another when playing the game. The small group worked very close and well together. According to Maslow’s belongingness theory, the group worked well because they worked together to achieve a goal that they all had. Esteem was built by the group because we would talk to a daily basis and get together with each other once a week making us have some sort of bond. Each member of the group felt safe with each other because we were all working for the same urpose and we didn’t feel the need to hide anything from each other. In conclusion, I think that the main purpose of working with a team and having specific roles in it is to accomplish a goal. In this case the one goal that the basketball has is to win as many games possible. Working with a does not have many differences from a team, but in my group in particular we all have the same goal, which is too lose weight and get fit. A small difference is that on the group we are all working for ourselves instead of for a victory that belongs to everyone else.

The Benefits of Common App Essay 2016 Samples

The Benefits of Common App Essay 2016 Samples What You Need to Know About Common App Essay 2016 Samples Thinking too long and too hard you don't really understand how to begin your essay isn't. Don't have another person write your essay, and don't wait to compose your essay. Irrespective of which essay prompt you address, it's important to give yourself time to take into consideration the info you're conveying and what it reveals about you. Thinking through how you're going to compose an essay is good. Individual schools sometimes need supplemental essays. So it's essential for your college essay to be noticed. Because of this, attempt to see to the essay as a chance to tell colleges why you're unique and what matters to you. Share an essay on any subject of your selection. The term limit on the essay will stay at 650. Last, the detail of true speech makes the scene pop. If you would like to see her essay in context, have a look at this hyperlink. If you opt to answer this essay, you have to recognize an issue with meaning and importance to you. What You Need to Know About Common App Essay 2016 Samples With Rapid Application Development Platform, you may also expect app delivery in a small percent of the time needed for hand-coded apps. As a consequence, developers become drained on account of the monotonous procedure for checking and updating features constantly for each app, with a backlog that costs a great deal of your wealth and takes more time to get cleared up. You should likewise offer a connection to your personal strategy and stipulations. No matter the situation, create a very clear picture of its private importance and that which you did, or would do, to address the issue. But, at fourteen, I got my best challenge which not only taught me the way to fix some intricate difficulties, but helped me understand what I would like to do for a career. Explain the auto connection better. The Key to Successful Common App Essay 2016 Samples A good essay will demonstrate that you're the sort of person who can bounce back and learn from an experience. Deciding on the topic for your own personal essay can feel like a big decision with a lot riding on it, but the truth is this decision isn't as final as it feels within this moment. If you think of yourself as a person who is particularly reflective or ready to derive lessons from several life experiences, this is definitely a prompt you'd be useful at writing. In addition to that, each charac ter has a certain stroke order that should be adhered to, making writing an art form together with a method of communication. You've got an outstanding app idea, and you go and set your money into it without doing market research isn't the ideal way to go. In that situation, it's likely to observe lots of common app growth mistakes happening. Especially once you know, it is likely to eat up much money. The explanations for why you think going to another college is probably going to be a very good move will likely use up quite lots of your essay, but even if your reasons are simple, they ought to be clearly written, be positive, and be valid. This prompt is a superb choice if you wish to explore a single event or achievement that marked a very clear milestone in your private development. It is crucial to test the marketplace and conduct surveys about exactly what features the users need in the app should they need it. Users shouldn't have to fill long registration forms before knowing the way the app will be practical to them. Most users don't enjoy a cell application undergoing specific alterations. Thus, you may create an app development environment that's both flexible and can be seamlessly integrated with your company needs. Then finally, you should make a list of questions to ask the cell application growth companies before taking a determination. In a situation like this, companies fight out one another to make apps firsthand than others. Moreover, similarly, all of the mobile app growth businesses are also different. You should not say anything negative about your present school. At exactly the same time, you're impress the college admissions folks greatly if you may present your capacity to learn from your failures and mistakes. As an example, class sizes at your present school might have been too large, which means that your professors were not able to pay any attention to your requirements. College presents students with lots of chances and challenges.

Camera Techniques Used in Hitchcock’s Thriller Movie,...

Camera Techniques Used in Hitchcock’s Thriller Movie, Vertigo A thriller is a type of film that usually instills excitement and suspense into the audience. A thriller is commonly described as a tense edge of the seat environment. The movie, Vertigo, is one of the most famous thrillers ever made. However, Vertigo does not fit into the stereotypical genre of thriller. Vertigo, often viewed as an experimental film because it was one of the first major thrillers of that time that used many different and innovative camera techniques. These techniques used in this film are different types of lighting, montage, intense music, etc. Vertigo is known to be one of Hitchcock’s best movies because of his unique sense of style and his famous†¦show more content†¦When Scottie falls into his state of Vertigo, the camera seems to go berserk with different angles and colors. Specifically near the end of the movie when Scottie falls in his dream, his Vertigo seems to kick in on overdrive. The implementation of the creeping music, the flashes of co lors, the scared look, and the montage of expressions proves that Vertigo was a form of a thriller movie. Does Vertigo fit into the genre of thriller? Yes. But does Vertigo fit the thriller genre before, now, and in the future? That is the question that is going to be answered. In the beginning of the movie, the audience is thrown into immediate action. At first you see a cop chase a man and Scottie, the detective, following. The music increases the suspense as the audiences waits anxiously to see what is going on. Scottie all of a sudden falls and is holding on to dear life at the end of the roof. This is when the audience first learns about Scottie’s Vertigo. The audience can feel his fear of heights. The feel of a thriller movie incapacitates that audience at this point because they are wondering at the edge of their seats what is going to happen. As the audience sees the point of view of Scottie looking down onto the ground, they can feel Scottie’s Vertigo. The camera work on that shot was revolutionary in that film period. The camera seems to blur and zoom in and out to portray how scared Scottie is. The lighting in this shot andShow MoreRelatedVertigo - Hitchcock Defying Genres1337 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Vertigo – Hitchcock D efying Genre â€Å"†¦alternatively, a film can revise or reject the conventions associated with its genre† - Bordwell Based on the French novel D’Entre les Morts by Pierre Boileau and Thomas Narcejac, Vertigo is arguably one of Alfred Hitchcock’s masterpieces and the â€Å"strangest, yet most hauntingly beautiful film he had ever made† (Adair, 2002). 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This idea represents the film medium and its affective and expressive capabilities, unconstrained by the narratives and dialogue used to drive the stor ytelling process inRead MoreMovie Analysis : Run Lola Run1533 Words   |  7 PagesFilm Analysis – Run, Lola, Run Raghuraj Rathi Tom Tykwer’s Run Lola Run (1998) is truly a brilliant film. It is very seldom that a film manages to combine the high pace of an action thriller and a deep philosophical subtext without botching it, but Run Lola Run does an excellent job at striking a balance between both. Tackling the very abstract and philosophical concepts of chance and cause-effect, Run Lola Run is truly a modern foreign classic. Tykwer manages to postulate one simple theory throughRead MoreHorror Genre Dissertation6741 Words   |  27 Pages4. History of the Horror Genre PG. 5 - 9 - 5. Slasher Films and the Gender roles PG. 9 - 13 - 6. Comedy Horror PG. 13 - 16 - 7. Postmodernism and the Horror Film PG. 16 - 18 - 8. Case Study: Scream Vs. Scary Movie PG. 18 - 22 9. Conclusion PG. 23 Bibliography PG. 25 - 27 1. Abstract Page I have researched on the Horror genre, looking at when it begun, the decline in popularity it has foreseen and how it has been able to recreate

Fast Food Advertisements Essay - 1002 Words

The power advertisements have to influence decisions and affect people’s lives is astounding. They are meant to be big, bright, and flashy to try and attract people to buy their products. Ads are also impossible to avoid. You cannot walk down the street, watch television, or browse the internet without seeing ads all over the place. The problem with this is that younger people can be too easily swayed by these ads and the results have many negative consequences. These upbeat and catchy commercials are luring kids into the habit of eating unhealthily and this should be prevented. The fast food industry takes advantage of this influence over children and is a large factor in the obesity problem America faces today. Fast food chains give†¦show more content†¦Breakfast should be a healthy meal to help start the day off right, but what could be unhealthier than starting off with a bacon, egg, and cheese sandwich from a fast food restaurant? Pester power refers to childrens ability to nag their parents into purchasing items they may not otherwise buy. Children nowadays have a greater influence over their parent’s decisions than they used to. According to one study, 78 per cent stated that seeing an advertisement on television made them want to buy the product sometimes or often. Asked if they ever pestered their parents for something they had seen advertised on television, 66 per cent reported doing so sometimes or often (Marshall et al 170). Given the economic trouble that some families are in today some parents might be talked into the cheaper option of fast food, and this is exactly what advertisers want. Another study investigated the possible link between obesity and indebtedness and found: Analysis of the data showed that a link between over-indebtedness and obesity did exist. Whats more, this relationship could not be explained by other socioeconomic variables that have been linked to poor health in other studies. 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New Questions About Research Papers Samples Answered and Why You Must Read Every Word of This Report

New Questions About Research Papers Samples Answered and Why You Must Read Every Word of This Report When you buy a pre-written paper, you aren't likely to find the opportunity to revise your paper. Our writers offer brand-new papers based on brand-new data. In the sphere of legal jargon different terminology maybe unfamiliar to you and unique sources may not be something which you regularly site. All our papers are produced from scratch by professionals and provided at our custom made law writing service at quite affordable prices. The Basic Facts of Research Papers Samples On the way, take notes of the essential information and key findings that you wish to highlight in your paper. It's for this reason and many more than searching for a research paper sample can definitely help you. Your draft is your very first outline about what to include in the last summary. You also understand how to transition from 1 section of the paper to another. The thesis statement ought to be complete, and the remainder of the paper ought to be in line with it. Your summary needs to be in a position to stand alone despite it being a region of the research paper. Remember that it is just an overview of your research paper as a whole. Utilizing an outline template can assist the student organize the paper and eliminate the ideas that aren't pertinent to the use of the essay. It is not unusual to have unanticipated results which aren't pertinent to answering the research question. You have to explain in detail the duration of your scientific research and describe the interim outcomes. A research paper involves surveying a field of knowledge so as to get the best possible data in that area. When you're tasked with developing a legal research paper it can be quite tough to know precisely the way the info you wish to include ought to be organized and how to correctly cite the legal references that you're using. The Debate Over Research Papers Samples Among the features of a thriving college student is the ability to discover folks to connect with over time. While the instructor and students aren't located in the same area, they are interacting and communicating at precisely the same moment. Around the world, they can join the same class, share information, and learn together. A whole lot of students don't figure out how to cope with educational overload. Research Papers Samples - What Is It? These research paper samples are offered for your perusal which you are able to download and use for your present research paper. Paraphrase the information which you need to put in your research paper. In order to start outlining the research paper, determine why you're researching the subject. It occurs more frequently in longer papers because it assists the reader to better understand each finding. The End of Research Papers Samples A couple are still students. Learners did not have the chance to communicate to gether. To relieve a little the pressure, some students go online to look for example research papers. The primary purpose of example research papers is to assist students learn to develop their own assignment and to fully grasp how a paper is structured. It's possible to find more information about students' term papers here. Students can't pick the very first idea they see on the internet or in the print media it's about choosing great research paper topics on the relevant difficulties. Research Papers SamplesCheck our latest paper helper review and get the best professionals to aid with your papers. Because most research advisers read through all your paper, it can readily be identified in case you have copy-pasted parts from your research and might offer you a lousy grade. Today it is not hard to locate occupational therapists who tout the neural significance of crawling. Links researchers from all over the world.

The Great Gatsby and the tainted American Dream Essay Example For Students

The Great Gatsby and the tainted American Dream Essay Benjamin Franklin coined the phrase, American Dream during the early infancy of our country, proposing this dream as, That pursuit of a better existence and a higher quality of life through hard work, determination, and devotion. While this may be what many of the characters in The Great Gatsby believe (Jay Gatsby in particular), one critical ideal is discarded in Fitzgeralds twisted refinement of Franklins definition: morality. It is apparent that Jay Gatsby achieves his wealth and social status through illegal and immoral means, such as bootlegging alcohol. The irony becomes remarkably stunning when one realizes that the section of Franklins autobiography, which outlines his method for achieving this dream, is entitled Moral Perfection. Fitzgerald presents a dark satire by portraying the immoral Jay Gatsby as an icon for the decay of the dream Franklin proposed and promoted so avidly. Fitzgerald masterfully allows the reader watch the evolution of Franklins American dream from its fertilization in the ambition of James Gatz to its dominance over Gatzs life, eventually spawning Jay Gatsby (Gatz-bye) a self-destructive man holding on to a dream that can never become a reality. In addition to Gatsbys delusional pursuit of happiness, Nick Carraway, our narrator, suffers from the same addiction to a dream, which, if made true, will never live up to its expectations. It is obvious that Nick envies Gatsby, hence the title of the novel. Nick is in awe of Gatsbys wealth, social power and moreover, and most of all, the carefree lifestyle it allows. Nick, at the same time he is completely unaware of the illicit means by which Gatsby has gained his wealth. Following Gatsbys death at the end of the novel, Fitzgerald shows Nicks awakening from his dream to persuade the reader to walk away from his novel understanding the lesson that Nick learns from Gatsbys folly. Fitzgerald strives to expose a striking realization that the American dream that Franklin proposed will never be able to deliver its promise of a better existence in a society where morality is tossed aside so casually. Fitzgerald litters the novel with a cast of characters who are struggling to chase either emotionless dreams or impossible ones. All of these other characters suffer from this plague of disillusionment that has come to be known as a staple in modernist writing. Morality seems critical, by Franklins standards, to the success of his American Dream, but when one looks through the novel, searching for characters that are morally sound, one will find that they are few and far between. We, the readers, are witness to multiple adulterous affairs, murder, illegal alcohol use, as well as a lack of camaraderie between friends. Fitzgeralds diagnosis that decadence is the real killer of the American dream manifests itself in many characters and in many ways throughout The Great Gatsby. The most obvious is Gatsby whos dream is to come back from his time spent in the armed forces, much wealthier than he left, with the hope that his newfound wealth will allow him to win back the heart of Daisy who he left behind. When Gatsby left he didnt have the financial power to secure Daisys devotion to him, for she became much more interested in the material possessions than love, which made her vulnerable to Tom Buchanans wealthy appeal. Gatsby sees that the only way he can reclaim her is by impressing her with a fortune . Gatsby becomes so intent on accomplishing this goal that in his mind the ends justify the means, without question. We are never told exactly how Gatsby procures his wealth, except that it most likely from illegal bootlegging and perhaps some ties to the mafia. This is Gatsbys first major deviation, chronologically, from Franklins American Dream. Next, he turns his back on our narrator, Nick, who offers to help him achieve his goal by arranging a meeting with Daisy. Gatsby, whos self-indulgence blinds him to ignorance, practically treats Nick as a pimp instead of a friend, thinking all the while that hes being quite sincere and helping Nick, who is not as well off as himself. In the opening of chapter five, Nick and Gatsby meet in front of Gatsbys mansion where Nick informs Gatsby that hes going to arrange for Daisy to arrive the following day for tea. At the end of the conversation, Gatsby decides to suggest his indecent proposal of some work on the side to Nick. We both looked down at the grass there was a sharp line where my ragged lawn ended and the darker, well-kept expanse of his began. I suspected that he Gatsby meant my grass. Theres another little thing, he said uncertainly, and hesitated. Would you rather put it off a few days? I asked Oh, it isnt about that. At leastHe fumbled with a series of beginnings. Why, I thought why, look here, old sport, you dont make much money, do you? Not very much. This seemed to reassure him and he continued more confidently. I thought you didnt, if youll pardon my you see, I carry on a little business on the side, a sort of a sideline, you understand. And I thought that if you dont make very much Youre selling bonds, arent you, old sport? Trying to. Well this would interest you. It wouldnt take up much of your time and you might pick up a nice bit of money. Naming and describing plant parts Essay Faithfulness is only inherent in one married person in the book, George Wilson, but George has his own personality flaws and ends up committing a deadly sin of his own wrath. He has trouble controlling his temper and eventually snaps after he wife is killed and murders Gatsby and commits suicide. George is the only one that seems to have lost his dream a long time ago, when his wife began resenting him, then cheating on him, and has turned to religion to find happiness. He claims, after believing that Tom killed Myrtle, that, God sees everything. George has lost faith in the world for some time and it seems as though hes only living for the next life, which is proven by the fact that he is able to kill himself. The only people who dont really seem to be emotionally scarred, or killed by the events that take place in the novel are the surviving women in the book. Daisys dream is money, though as we know, it wasnt always that way. Jordan is likewise interested in material objects and not that concerned with love, although in the end we get a hint that maybe things will turn around for her and Nick. Overall, however, she is almost as guilty as Daisy for being naively drawn into the well of commercialistic coldness. Daisy seems to be able to leave Gatsby behind as a memory, though we dont know for sure that she is severely hurt by his death, or to what degree. We can speculate that her absence from Gatsbys funeral would suggest a lack of emotional burden. At the end of the novel, we dont really get any indication as to how Daisy ends up, and its hard to say because of the way she leaves with Tom in a situation that is foreign to the reader because for the first time neither one is interested in someone else. We can assume, however, based on Fitzgeralds message, that if Daisy never realizes that money cant buy happiness or love, she will be stuck chasing a dream that cannot be attained for the rest of her life. The same is true for Jordan, although we do get a suggestive hint that she may turn around because Nick has been enlightened, and now has a better understanding of the dangers that come with becoming obsessive over the impossible or the unimportant. Tom is yet another ambiguity when it comes to the end of the novel. There is no way to say what will become of him, although it seems hes got more reason than any to see the need for a change in his attitude on life. He came the closest to loosing everything, without actually doing it. He almost lost his wife to Gatsby and he did loose his mistress, though he was lucky not to loose his wife on account of his cheating. It seems that the significance of his disappearance with Daisy is meant to suggest that they have gone off to start a new life, but then again maybe its just to chase new dreams. This novel is able to adequately show the dangers involved in chasing a dream that is too fantastic, or purely material. Gatsby paid for his naive dream chasing with his life and his dream, not to mention the pain he caused those around him and close to him. This is evident because of the fact that only a few people show up to his funeral. He cared for only one person, who didnt really care for him, at least not to the same degree. Nick is lucky, by Fitzgeralds standards at least, because he is able to look inward, unlike the most of the other characters, and see what that kind of obsession is doing to Gatsby. He despises Gatsby too much to help him, but remains a friend out of pity and takes the knowledge he has gained to see where he could have ended up had he followed Gatsby and taken that job offer. Tom and Daisy both suffer from the sins of gluttony and avarice that dominate their dreams of happiness, they cant get away from thinking that the more they own the happier theyll be. This can be seen in the way Tom mourns little for Myrtle, but only worries about himself when George comes to see him after Myrtles death. If he feels a little hurt its because hell have to go out and find another mistress, and we cant say for sure whether or not he will. Fitzgerald is bent on making sure the readers take away one message, there is no more American dream. He doesnt stop there though, he goes on to warn his readers that if you dont believe him and decide chase your personal American dream and shoot too high or too low, you will end up miserable, possibly for the rest of your life. Lastly, there is no doubt that this novels message about the decay of the American dream is solely focused on an audience facing some of the most vastly changing times in our civilizations history and a warning that just like Jay Gatsby found out, there is no way to reclaim the past, that American dream, Franklins American dream is gone.

Why is the Great Wall of China built an Example of the Topic History Essays by

Why is the Great Wall of China built? Great Wall of China is one of the eight wonders in the world and it is significant to know of why the great wall was built. The primary reasons are territorial boundary and protection during the war. Historians and archeologists explain further the beginning grounds of this spinning dragon spanning across the whole ChinaThe Great Wall. Need essay sample on "Why is the Great Wall of China built?" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed University Students Usually Tell EssayLab support: Who wants to write paper for me? Essay writers advise: Get Your Essay Before The Deadline Best Essay Writing Service Reviews Writers For Hire Best Essay Writing Service Write My Essay Online Historically, The Great Wall is the world's longest human-made structure, stretching over approximately 6,400 km (4,000 miles) from Shanhaiguan in the east to Lop Nur in the west, along an arc that roughly delineates the southern edge of Inner Mongolia, but stretches to over 6,700 km (4,160 miles) in total (Britannica 2007). It is also the largest human-made structure ever built in terms of surface area and mass. At its peak the Ming Wall was guarded by more than one million men. It has been estimated that somewhere in the range of 2 to 3 million Chinese died as part of the centuries-long project of building the wall. The first major wall was built during the reign of the First Emperor, the main emperor of the short-lived Qin dynasty. This wall was not constructed as a single endeavor, but rather was created by the joining of several regional walls built by the Warring States. It was located much further north than the current Great Wall, and very little remains of it. A defensive wall on the northern border was built and maintained by several dynasties at different times in Chinese history. The Great Wall that can still be seen today was built during the Ming Dynasty, on a much larger scale and with longer lasting materials, solid stone used for the sides and the top of the Wall, than any wall that had been built before. The primary purpose of the wall was not to keep out people, who could scale the wall, but to insure that semi-nomadic people on the outside of the wall could not cross with their horses or return easily with stolen property (China Highlights, 1998). The Great Wall is not just a wall. Other defensive works such as forts, passes and beacon towers were built along the Wall to house auxiliary soldiers, store grain and weapons, and transmit military information. As a product of the clashes between agricultural and nomadic economies, the Great Wall provided protection to the economic development and cultural progress, safeguarded the trading routes such as the Silk Road, and secured transmission of information and transportation. Further, The Great Wall of China is a series of stone and earthen fortifications in China, built, rebuilt, and maintained between the 5th century BC and the 16th century to protect the northern borders of the Chinese Empire during the rule of successive dynasties. Several walls, referred to as the Great Wall of China, were built since the 5th century BC. The most famous is the wall built between 220 BC and 200 BC by the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang; little of it remains; it was much farther north than the current wall, which was built during the Ming Dynasty. Since this wall is a centuries-long project, the wall is divided into four major walls which represent the dynasty of the century. First, the Qin Dynasty, 208 BC. Second, the Han Dynasty, 1st century BC then followed by the Five dynasties and Ten kingdoms period during 1138-1198, lastly is the Hongwu Emperor until Wanli Emperor of the Ming Dynasty from 1368-1620 (Britannica 2007). The Chinese were already familiar with the techniques of wall-building by the time of the Spring and Autumn Period, which began around the 7th century BC. During the Warring States Period from the 5th century BC to 221 BC, the states of Qi, Yan and Zhao all constructed extensive fortifications to defend their own borders. Built to withstand the attack of small arms such as swords and spears, these walls were made mostly by stamping earth and gravel between board frames. Qin Shi Huang conquered all opposing states and unified China in 221 BC, establishing the Qin Dynasty. Intending to impose centralized rule and prevent the resurgence of feudal lords, he ordered the destruction of the wall sections that divided his empire along the former state borders. To protect the empire against intrusions by the Xiongnu people from the north, he ordered the building of a new wall to connect the remaining fortifications along the empire's new northern frontier. Transporting the large quantity of materials required for construction was difficult, so builders always tried to use local resources. Stones from the mountains were used over mountain ranges, while rammed earth was used for construction in the plains. The peasants who died working were buried inside the wall, to be unearthed later by archaeologists. There are no surviving historical records indicating the exact length and course of the Qin Dynasty walls. Most of the ancient walls have eroded away over the centuries, and very few sections remain today. Possibly as many as one million people died building the Wall under the Qin Dynasty (Zimmerman, 1997). Later, the Han, Sui, Northern and Jin dynasties all repaired, rebuilt, or expanded sections of the Great Wall at great cost to defend themselves against northern invaders. The Great Wall concept was revived again during the Ming Dynasty following the Ming army's defeat by the Oirats in the Battle of Tumu in 1449. The Ming had failed to gain a clear upper-hand over the Mongols after successive battles, and the long-drawn conflict was taking a toll on the empire. The Ming adopted a new strategy to keep the nomadic Mongols out by constructing walls along the northern border of China. Acknowledging the Mongol control established in the Ordos Desert, the wall followed the desert's southern edge instead of incorporating the bend of the Huang He. Unlike the earlier Qin fortifications, the Ming construction was stronger and more elaborate due to the use of bricks and stone instead of rammed earth. As Mongol raids continued periodically over the years, the Ming devoted considerable resources to repair and reinforce the walls. Sections near the Ming capital of Beijing were especially strong (Zimmerman, 1997). Towards the end of the Shun Dynasty, the Great Wall helped defend the empire against the Manchu invasions that began around 1600. Under the military command of Yuan Chonghuan, the Ming army held off the Manchus at the heavily fortified Shanhaiguan pass, preventing the Manchus from entering the Liaodong Peninsula and the Chinese heartland. The Manchus were finally able to cross the Great Wall in 1644, when the gates at Shanhaiguan were opened by Wu Sangui, a Ming border general who disliked the activities of rulers of the Shun Dynasty. The Manchus quickly seized Beijing, and defeated the newly founded Shun Dynasty and remaining Ming resistance, to establish the Qing Dynasty. Under Qing rule, China's borders extended beyond the walls and Mongolia was annexed into the empire, so construction and repairs on the Great Wall were discontinued. A counterpart wall to the Great Wall in the south was erected to protect and divide the Chinese from the 'southern barbarians' called Miao (meaning barbaric and nomadic). The making in general is really a true and pure determination. It handed from period to period. The 4 major walls that are initiated from the great leaders are truly a product of heroic and valiant. Political, territorial, economic and social bases were their motivating grounds of why they made the great wall. Indeed, its a history. Today the world has completely changed. No wall can withhold the progress that modern science has brought about the lives of people. The Great Wall has lost its former function. However, it must not be forgotten the real value and essence of it. It was a long project century as said, it marks a record and so everyone is welcome to make better understanding of great wall, and to better protect the precious remains for the generations to come. Reference: ICE Case Studies: The Great Wall of China, Damian Zimmerman, December 1997 "Encyclopedia Britannica online - Great wall of China". The Great Wall of China. https://maas.museum/ .2007